The Oxford English Dictionary defines “rational” as that which is based on reason which is sensible, sane or moderate. Rational Drug Therapy may be described as ordering the right medicine for the right patient at the right time and in the right amount with due consideration of costs to the patient.
Rational practice also means as per standard medical and pharmacology textbooks and going by scientific, clinical evidence.
Rationality however has to be looked at within a particular medical system.